Everyone reacts differently to stress. Typical stress reactions include, but are not limited to the following:

Physical: pain in neck or shoulders, headache, indigestion, increased blood pressure, tight stomach, fatigue, increased heart rate

Mental: reduced ability to concentrate, confusion, preoccupation or distractibility, forgetfulness

Behavioral: over-eating, drinking, smoking, compulsive shopping, inappropriate use of drugs, inadequate nutrition or exercise, poor sleeping patterns, loss of temper

Emotional: depression, anxiety, hostility

An important point we will be exploring throughout this program is that in most cases, our perceptions of and reactions to events contribute substantially to our stress, more so than the stressors themselves. However, especially in cases of trauma or disaster, this phenomenon should not be used to "blame the victim" (for not recovering fast enough or changing their perceptions and reactions quickly). Neither should it be used to engage in mental self-flagellation over how successfully one is dealing with a stressor. Empathy for self and others is the highest priority. This requires being patient and compassionate for the process of coping and change.

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